编者按:在全球“消除丙肝”这个宏伟目标的攻坚过程中,中美两国都要承担起重要的职责。目前双方各自处于哪个层面,面临哪些挑战,能从对方得到什么借鉴呢?在第69届美国肝病学会(AASLD)年会上,《国际肝病》邀请中华医学会肝病学分会前主任委员、北京大学人民医院魏来教授对话AASLD候任主席、美国北卡罗来纳大学Michael W. Fried教授,讨论全球消除丙肝的东西方行动。
Michael W. Fried教授和魏来教授
我们的挑战
“It’s still estimated that only about half of the individuals in the United States recognize that they have hepatitis C……however, we still face challenges in getting the really effective treatments to the patients who need them most.” --Michael W. Fried教授
“Actually, in China, different provinces have different policies (on the access to DAAs)…Meanwhile, in China, the pan-genotypic regimen, sofosbuvir combined velpatasvir has been included in the basic drug list.” --魏来教授
“Why does the WHO guideline come up with the first line pan-genotypic regimens? It is because it’s very useful and very convenient for the local community doctor, because it doesn’t have to test genotyping.”--魏来教授
随着治疗方案变得更加简单,美国现在的趋势之一(但可能还不够)是初级保健医生开始治疗丙型肝炎。我们开展了很多基层工作,来培训初级保健医师和其他医疗保健提供者来治疗丙型肝炎,因为美国没有足够的肝病学家或胃肠病学家--我相信中国也一样,能够治疗所有丙型肝炎患者。我们需要更多的医生参与进来,提供帮助。可以给所有医疗人员提供培训,是这些简化方案带来的获益之一。让更多的医疗工作者加入进来,使更多的患者获得治疗。这个举措非常成功。在ECHO项目(注:ECHO项目,全称为Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes,创始人为美国新墨西哥大学Sanjeev Arora,旨在通过远程医疗和远程教育,帮助丙肝患者在社区得到治疗)的帮助下,北卡罗拉那州有一个肝病医生团队来指导初级保健医生在社区治疗丙肝患者,我想这在中国也会奏效的。
“If you’re using a pan-genotypic progression, does a genotype really make a difference? And in general, it doesn’t for the vast majority that you’re going to treat……And as the regimens get more simple, one of the trends that’s happening a little bit in the United States is that primary care doctors are starting to treat hepatitis C.”--Michael W. Fried教授
“The pan-genotypic regimens could cover all the four genotypes that we have in China. And also, all the clinical trials data - and we also show the clinical trial data in this AASLD, showed that it is very good and the SVR is so high.”--魏来教授
3.AASLD. IDSA. HCV Guidance: Recommendations for Testing, Managing, and Treating Hepatitis C. Updated: September 21, 2017. P52.
4.EASL. EASL Recommendations on Treatment of Hepatitis C 2018; J Hepatol, 2018;69: 461-511.
5.WHO Guidelines for the care and treatment of persons diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
6.Wei L, et al. Safety and Efficacy of Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir in Genotype 1-6 HCV-Infected Patients in China: Results from a Phase 3 Clinical Trial.AASLD 2018.Poster:637.